Hematological malignancy
Next-Generation Immune Repertoire Sequencing as a Clue to Elucidate the Landscape of Immune Modulation by Host-Gut Microbiome Interactions
Front Immunol. 2018 Apr 3;9:668.
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine (RIRBM), Hiroshima University
Tatsuo Ichinohe
Our repertoire analysis was used in the study of blood tomors. The authors have identified cytomegalovirus pp65-specific TCR clones using TCR repertoire analysis. In addition, the authors evaluated the relationship between gut microbiota and repertoire, suggesting that the accumulation of more information could be an approach to immune-related diseases and immune homeostasis.

Solid tumor
IL-7 and CCL19 expression in CAR-T cells improves immune cell infiltration and CAR-T cell survival in the tumor
Nat Biotechnol. 2018 Apr;36(4):346-351.
Department of Immunology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine
Koji Tamada
Our repertoire analysis was used in the study of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-expressing T cells. The authors performed a TCR repertoire analysis on CAR-T cells that co-produce IL7 and CCL19 and compared their TCR diversity. As a result, CAR-negative T cells in mice in which cancer cells were eliminated had lower TCR diversity than before transfer, and CAR-positive T cells became a biased TCR repertoire after memory formation. These results suggest that TCR repertoire analysis may help demonstrate tumor antigen-specific memory formation and epitope spreading on tumor antigens.

Basal immunity
Increased diversity with reduced "diversity evenness" of tumor infiltrating T-cells for the successful cancer immunotherapy
Sci Rep. 2018 Jan 18;8(1):1058.
Department of Immunotherapeutics, The University of Tokyo Hospital
Akihiro Hosoi
Our repertoire analysis was used in research on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). The authors evaluated TCR repertoire analysis of T cells infiltrating tumor tissue in B16 melanoma mice treated with multiple ICIs. As a result, the diversity and tendency of repertoire changed depending on the drug. These results suggest that repertoire analysis may be a biomarker for assessing immune-related adverse events in immunotherapy.

Hematological malignancy
Escape from thymic deletion and anti-leukemic effects of T cells specific for hematopoietic cell-restricted antigen
Nat Commun. 2018 Jan 15;9(1):225.
Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University
Eun Young Choi
Our repertoire analysis was used in the study of leukemia. The authors performed a TCR repertoire analysis using different mouse strains and reported that T cells that recognize antigens that are restrictive to hematopoietic cells avoid negative selection in the thymus. These results suggest that these cells have an antitumor effect during bone marrow transplantation.

Basal immunity
Possible involvement of invariant natural killer T cells and mucosal-associated invariant T cells in a murine model of titanium allergy
J Oral Maxillofac Surg Med Pathol. 2018 Jan;30(1):1-9.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University
Kenichi Kumagai
Our repertoire analysis was used in titanium allergy research. The authors created a titanium allergy mouse model and reported the difference in TCR repertoire in lesions. These results suggest that activation of NKT cells and MAIT cells (mucosa-related invariant T cells) may be induced in titanium allergy.

Hematological malignancy
Deep sequencing of the T cell receptor visualizes reconstitution of T cell immunity in mogamulizumab-treated adult T cell leukemia
Oncoimmunology. 2017 Dec 11;7(3):e1405204.
Department of Hematology/Oncology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine
Takero Shindo
Our repertoire analysis was used in the study of leukemia. The authors performed a TCR repertoire analysis in patients with adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and reported changes in blood and skin TCR repertoire when mogamulizumab, a specific treatment, was used. As a result, it was found that the magnitude of ATL cells in blood was specifically changed by using mogamulizumab.

Solid tumor
Inflammation-induced IgA+ cells dismantle anti-liver cancer immunity
Nature. 2017 Nov 16;551(7680):340-345.
Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD)
Shabnam Shalapour
Our repertoire analysis was used in the study of tumor immunity. The authors performed a TCR/BCR repertoire analysis and reported that chronic inflammation causes the accumulation of IgA-producing B cells. Furthermore, the authors report that these cells express PD-L1 and IL10 and directly suppress the action of cytotoxic T cells in tissues. These results suggest that suppression of cytotoxic T cells by inflammation is important for the growth of cancer, and that there is a possibility of enhancing immune function against cancer cells and thus the development of new therapeutic strategies.